Background: This study aimed to evaluate the morphological and quantitative changes in the corpus callosum in children aged 1 to 16 years with a history of seizures and to compare these findings with a control group of healthy children.
Methods: In this case-control study 42 pediatric patients diagnosed with seizures and 25 healthy controls were included. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (T1-weighted MRI) was used to obtain detailed measurements of the corpus callosum, focusing on its length, width, and thickness across the anterior, middle, and posterior regions (genu, B1-4, and splenium).
Results: 67 children in the aged between 1-16 years were included in the study. The results showed that the overall length and width of the corpus callosum were not significantly different between the two groups. But the thickness of B1 region in patients with seizures was significantly higher than the control group (p=0.029). Other thickness areas did not show significant differences. Statistical analysis showed that some differences such as the thickness of the B1 region deviate from the normal distribution, but for other differences, no significant difference was observed between the groups.
Conclusions: The study's findings indicate that seizures in children may be associated with specific morphological alterations in the corpus callosum. These changes could potentially serve as biomarkers for understanding the neurological impact of seizures and guiding therapeutic interventions. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind these alterations and their clinical significance.